Body, Violence, & Sexuality: Grotesque Aesthetics in Eka Kurniawan’s Novels
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24071/joll.v26i1.81Keywords:
body, Eka Kurniawan, grotesque aesthetics, sexuality, traumaAbstract
This research examines how the aesthetics of the grotesque is represented in Eka Kurniawan’s novels. This research aims to re-read the discourse construction of these texts through the approaches of feminist body theory, trauma studies, and the concept of grotesque aesthetics. The type of this research is qualitative, with an approach of interpretative literary analysis within a deconstructive hermeneutic and critical cultural studies framework. The sources of the data are Kurniawan’s works: 1) Cantik Itu Luka (2015), 2) Lelaki Harimau (2004), and 3) Seperti Dendam, Rindu Harus Dibayar Tuntas (2014). The data are quotations [translated by the researcher] taken from the novels. The used data collection techniques are library study and documentation. The used technique of data analysis is thematic analysis within a deconstructive hermeneutic. The used data validity are semantic validity and expert judgement. The results reveal that grotesque aesthetics in Kurniawan’s novels are articulated through the representation of the body, violence, and sexuality as dynamic sites of resistance. The body emerges as a battlefield of power and resistance. Violation emerges trauma which operates as a collective and structural condition. Sexuality presents as a transgressive space deconstructing the normative gender and moral frameworksReferences
Abdulmughni, S. A. S. (2019). Stylistics, literary criticism, linguistics and discourse Analysis. International Journal of English Linguistics, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n2p412
Agung, G., & Prasastyo, R. (2017). Seksualitas dalam novel Seperti Dendam, Rindu Harus Dibayar Tuntas. Jurnal Ilmiah Kebudayaan Sintesis, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.24071/sin.v11i1.931
Aulia, B. (2020). Trauma kejiwaan tokoh utama dalam novel Lelaki Harimau karya Eka Kurniawan. Jurnal Bindo Sastra, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.32502/jbs.v4i1.2322
Bakhtin, M., & Iswolsky, H. (2020). Rabelais and his world. In The Applied Theatre Reader. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429355363-6
Bustos, M. G. (2022). The body as a territory of violence in the novel Rosario Tijeras by Jorge Franco. Studia Romanistica, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.15452/SR.2022.22.0007
Butler, J. (2011). Bodies That Matter: On the discursive limits of “sex.” In Bodies That Matter: On the Discursive Limits of Sex. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203828274
Caruth, C. (1991). Unclaimed experience: trauma and the possibility of history. Yale French Studies, (79). https://doi.org/10.2307/2930251
Chesney-Lind, M. (2013). Review of gender, heterosexuality, and youth violence. Theoretical Criminology, 17(1), 134-136. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362480612472548
Costera Meijer, I., & Prins, B. (1998). How bodies come to matter: An interview with Judith Butler. In Signs (Vol. 23, Number 2). https://doi.org/10.1086/495251
Fathonah, A. W. (2020). The rewriting of mythology (remythology) and decolonization in Eka Kurniawan’s Man Tiger. Jurnal Humaniora, 32(3). https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.56698
Fitria, A., & Asri, Y. (2020). Portrait of women’s struggles towards domination of patriarchal culture in Cantik itu Luka and Kalatidha. International Conference on Language, Literature, and Education (ICLLE). https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201109.022
Flavis, L. A. De, & Grosz, E. (1995). Volatile bodies: Toward a corporeal feminism. Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature, 49(1). https://doi.org/10.2307/1347941
Garcia Landa, J. A. (2012). Understanding misreading: A hermeneutic-deconstructive approach. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1581444
Gleeson-White, S. (2001). Revisiting the southern grotesque: Mikhail Bakhtin and the case of Carson McCullers. The Southern Literary Journal, 33(2). https://doi.org/10.1353/slj.2001.0006
Gunne, S., & Thompson, Z. B. (2012). Feminism, literature and rape narratives: Violence and violation. In Feminism, Literature and Rape Narratives: Violence and Violation. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203479735
Harrington, T. (1998). The Speaking Abject in Kristeva’s Powers of Horror. Hypatia, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1998.tb01355.x
He, L. (2017). The construction of gender: Judith Butler and gender performativity. International Conference on Contemporary Education, Social Sciences and Humanities (ICCESSH). https://doi.org/10.2991/iccessh-17.2017.166
Hilmi, H. S., Sasmayunita, N., Thahir, A., & Azzahra, R. (2022). Kuasa patriarki dalam kumpulan cerita pendek Perempuan Patah Hati yang Kembali Menemukan Cinta melalui Mimpi karya Eka Kurniawan. Suar Betang, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.26499/surbet.v17i1.312
Hirth, B. (2018). Unclaimed experience: Trauma, narrative, and history by Cathy Caruth. Canadian Review of Comparative Literature / Revue Canadienne de Littérature Comparée, 45(2). https://doi.org/10.1353/crc.2018.0034
Irmawati, I., & G, W. G. (2021). Subalternitas tokoh diah ayu dan maharani: Antara kutukan dan senjata. Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa Dan Sastra, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.14421/ajbs.2021.05201
Johri, Dr. M. (2023). Feminist perspective on patriarchy: Its impact on the construction of femininity and masculinity. New Literaria, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.48189/nl.2023.v04i2.001
Kamilah, M. (2021). The main character’s struggle against women oppression in Eka Kurniawan’s Man Tiger thesis. Thesis (Undergrade). http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/29754/7/1632086.pdf
Karmakar, G., & Sarkar, S. (2021). Feminism, body, sexuality and time: A conversation with Elizabeth Grosz. Journal of Gender Studies, 30(4). https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2020.1826296
Khaliq, A., Khan, M. Y., & Hayat, R. (2021). Oppression and female body: A feminist critique of the novel “Half the Sky.” Global Sociological Review, VI(I). https://doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2021(vi-i).11
Krzychylkiewicz, A. (2003). Towards the understanding of the modern grotesque. Journal of Literary Studies, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/02564710308530325
Kurniawan, E. (2004). Lelaki harimau (1st ed.). Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Kurniawan, E. (2014). Seperti dendam, rindu harus dibayar tuntas. PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Kurniawan, E. (2015). Cantik itu luka. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Lawson, L. A., Kayser, W., & Weisstein, U. (1965). The Grotesque in art and literature. The Modern Language Journal, 49(2). https://doi.org/10.2307/322234
Leite, F. B. (2023). Grotesque realism and Grotesque body in Bakhtin. Bakhtiniana, 18(4). https://doi.org/10.1590/2176-4573e62064
Linderman, D., Kristeva, J., & Roudiez, L. S. (1984). Powers of horror: An essay on abjection. SubStance, 13(3/4). https://doi.org/10.2307/3684782
Lloyd, M. (1999). Performativity, parody, politics. Theory, Culture & Society, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/02632769922050476
Maingueneau, D. (2018). Discourse analysis, literature and science. Arbor, 194(790). https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2018.790n4009
Maulinda, R., & Wisnu Adi Pratama. (2020). Perilaku abnormal tokoh Ajo Kawir pada novel Seperti Dendam, Rindu harus Dibayar Tuntas karya Eka Kurniawan. Jurnal Metamorfosa, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.46244/metamorfosa.v8i2.1120
Miller, T. S., & Miller, E. (2021). Sexual terror, sexual violence, and the woman’s body in middle-earth. Extrapolation, 62(2). https://doi.org/10.3828/extr.2021.8
Naidu, S. (2014). Writing the violated body: representations of violence against women in Margie Orford’s crime thriller novels. Scrutiny2, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/18125441.2014.904396
Ni Luh, A. F. (2023). Gender injustice and the image of women in the novel Cantik itu Luka by Eka Kurniawan. Jurnalistrendi: Jurnal Linguistik, Sastra, Dan Pendidikan, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.51673/jurnalistrendi.v8i1.1316
Normalita, A., & Fauzi, A. (2021). Hibriditas, mimikri, dan ambivalensi dalam novel Cantik itu Luka karya Eka Kurniawan: kajian poskolonial. Alayasastra, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.36567/aly.v17i2.784
Nurrahman, S., & Rosyidi, M. I. (2020). Magical Realism as Historical Discourse Reflected on Eka Kurniawan’s “Beauty is A Wound.” Rainbow: Journal of Literature, Linguistics and Cultural Studies, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.15294/rainbow.v9i1.37820
Ospanova, G., Askarova, A., Agabekova, B., Zhutayeva, A., & Askarova, S. (2024). The grotesque as a literary issue. Semiotica, 2024(256). https://doi.org/10.1515/sem-2022-0090
Paling, S. (2004). Classification, rhetoric, and the classificatory horizon. In Library Trends, 52(3). https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/items/1781
Prasetyo, Y., & Haryadi. (2017). Kekerasan terhadap tokoh perempuan dalam novel Seperti Dendam Rindu Harus Dibayar Tuntas dan Lelaki Harimau karya Eka Kurniawan. Seloka: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 6(2), 152-160. https://doi.org/10.15294/seloka.v6i2.17279
Rabinovitz, L., & Sawicki, J. (1992). Disciplining Foucault: Feminism, Power, and the Body. The Journal of the Midwest Modern Language Association, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.2307/1315078
Ritika Kumari. (2023). Representation of Gender Violence in Jaishree Misra’s Afterwards. The Creative Launcher, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2023.8.1.03
Sadoff, D. F., Caruth, C., & O’Neill, J. (1997). Unclaimed experience: Trauma, narrative, and history. South Atlantic Review, 62(4). https://doi.org/10.2307/3200758
Sartika, E. (2020). Traumatic experiences in Eka Kurniawan’s Novel Seperti Dendam, Rindu Harus Dibayar Tuntas. Jurnal Poetika, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.22146/poetika.v8i2.55895
Sheikh, E. Y. S., Al - Shami, I. A., & Alshageri, Mr. S. (2023). Representation of Violence in Yemeni Novel: A Study of Fekriah Shahrah’s ‘The Smile Owner.’ Journal of Social Studies, 28(4). https://doi.org/10.20428/jss.v28i4.2039
Stopenski, C. (2022). Exploring Mutilation: Women, Affect, and the Body Horror Genre. Sic, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.15291/sic/2.12.lc.1
Turner, R. B. (2009). Constructing Masculinity. In Black Routes to Islam. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230623743_9
Wardani, A. K., & Geleuk, M. B. (2020). Ketidakadilan Gender pada Pernikahan dalam “Perempuan Patah Hati yang Kembali Menemukan Cinta Melalui Mimpi” Karya Eka Kurniawan. Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Pengajarannya, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.30872/diglosia.v3i3.52
Wardatun, A. (2006). Pornografi Dan Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan (Kajian Kritis Pandangan Feminisme Radikal). Ulumuna, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v10i2.452
Wright, T. (1864). A history of caricature & grotesque in literature and art. In A history of caricature & grotesque in literature and art. https://doi.org/10.5479/sil.164122.39088006611149
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Rahmat Setiawan, Budiyono Sunu Catur, Nurhidayah Sri (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.





